Pros and Cons of an IUD

More than 10% of women of childbearing age in the United States use long-acting, reversible contraception, including implants or intrauterine devices (IUDs). In fact, IUDs are the second most popular reversible birth control option. About 23% of women around the world choose IUDs as their contraception of choice. 

There are numerous pros of implanting an IUD into your uterus to prevent pregnancy. But before you make the leap (or schedule that insertion appointment), let’s break down the pros and cons. Spoiler: There isn’t a one-size-fits-all approach to birth control. 

Our skilled OB/GYN physicians at Women’s Health Services in Arlington or Grand Prairie, Texas, can help you determine which birth control method is right for you. 

IUDs 101

IUDs (intrauterine devices) are tiny T-shaped devices that your provider inserts through your vagina into your uterus as a form of birth control. 

IUDs work by creating inflammation in your uterus, preventing sperm from reaching your eggs, suppressing ovulation, or making it difficult for a fertilized egg to implant into your uterus, and come in two types — copper and hormonal.

Perks of IUDs

Examples of the benefits IUDs offer include:

1. Long-acting

IUDs can prevent pregnancy for up to 10 years, depending on the type, making them a convenient option if you’re not planning to try to become pregnant anytime soon. Get it and forget it.

2. Low maintenance 

IUDs are low maintenance. What does that mean? After insertion, you don’t have to worry about taking a pill daily, inserting a vaginal ring regularly, changing a patch weekly, or seeing your doctor for a birth control shot every few months.

3. Emergency contraception options

Copper-containing and hormonal IUDs can both be used as a form of emergency contraception to help prevent pregnancy when inserted within five days of having unprotected sex.

4. Reversible

IUDs are a reversible form of birth control. That means your provider can remove them at any time if you’d like to expand your family, allowing you the chance to become pregnant soon after removal. 

5. Effective

IUDs are nearly 100% effective at preventing pregnancies, meaning they’re one of the most effective birth control options available. 

6. Cost-effective

IUDs are cost-effective and often covered by private insurance plans and Medicaid. So, you won’t break the bank when choosing this form of highly effective birth control.

7. Lighter periods or fewer menstrual cramps

Some hormonal IUDs help eliminate heavy periods, reduce menstrual cramps, or ease pain linked to endometriosis.

8. Reduced risk of some cancers

Studies suggest that IUD use is linked to a lower risk of endometrial, ovarian, and cervical cancers, which is another perk of making them your birth control method of choice. 

Potential IUD cons

While the pros of IUDs are numerous, it’s helpful to know the potential cons too. Examples include:

1. Side effects

IUDs could cause disrupted menstrual cycles and other side effects. For example, copper IUDs might worsen menstrual cramps or increase menstrual bleeding, particularly right after IUD insertion. 

Hormonal IUDs may contribute to missed or irregular periods. Other potential side effects include dizziness, cramping, aching, or spotting after IUD insertion.

2. Initial IUD string stiffness

Strings attached to your IUD might be stiff initially, which means your partner could feel them during intercourse. However, over time, these strings soften. 

3. Rare (but possible) complications

While rare, possible IUD complications may include an infection or the IUD slipping out of your uterus, though this is most likely to happen within the first few months after receiving a new IUD.

4. Contraindications

IUDs aren’t for everyone. You may not be a candidate for this form of birth control if you have a sexually transmitted disease (STD), are at risk of STD contraction, or have uterine cancer, cervical cancer, or unexplained vaginal bleeding. 

Copper IUDs aren’t an option if you have a copper allergy or Wilson disease, and hormonal IUDs should be avoided in women who are at high risk for breast cancer, have breast cancer, or suffer from severe liver disease.

Choosing the right contraception

Our experts at Women’s Health Services discuss your lifestyle, treatment preferences, medical history, and more to determine which type of contraception is best suited for you. We tailor a plan you’re comfortable with and alter it when necessary to maximize your results. 

Contact our office most convenient to you to set up a consultation for a customized contraception plan that matches your lifestyle goals.